O with diaeresis occurs in several languages that use diaereses. However, in Hungarian, and in the Turkish alphabet and other Turkic alphabets that have ö, it is an independent letter between o and p. In some alphabets it is collated as an independent letter, sometimes by placing it at or near the end of the alphabet, such as after Z, Å and Ä in Swedish and Finnish, after Ý, ( Z), Þ and Æ in Icelandic, and after V, ( W), Õ and Ä in Estonian (thus fulfilling the place of omega, for example in the Finnish expression aasta ööhön 'from A to Z', literally 'from A to Ö'. In the Seri language, ö indicates the labialization of the previous consonant, e.g. Ö in this sense is also a Swedish-language surname. In Swedish, the letter ö is also used as the one-letter word for an island, which is not to be mixed with the actual letter. In the Seneca language, ö is used to represent, a back mid rounded nasalized vowel. In Romagnol, ö is used to represent, e.g. In Volapük, ö can be written as oy, but never as oe. If the character ö is unavailable, o is substituted and context is relied upon for inference of the intended meaning. In certain languages, the letter ö cannot be written as 'oe' because minimal pairs exist between ö and oe (and also with oo, öö and öe), as in Finnish eläinkö 'animal?' (interrogative) vs. In the Germanic language of Limburgish, the (ö) is used for the short /œ/, similarly to German. In mountain dialects of Emilian, it is used to represent, e.g. Its name in Finnish, Swedish, Icelandic, Estonian, Azeri, Turkish, Turkmen, Uyghur, Crimean Tatar, Hungarian, Votic and Volapük is Öö, not 'O with two dots' since /ø/ is not a variant of the vowel /o/ but a distinct phoneme. Apart from Germanic languages, it occurs in the Uralic languages such as Finnish, Karelian, Veps, Estonian, Southern Sami, and Hungarian, in the Turkic languages such as Azeri, Turkish, Turkmen, Uyghur ( Latin script), Crimean Tatar, Kazakh, and in the Uto-Aztecan language Hopi, where it represents the vowel sounds. The letter ö also occurs in two other Germanic languages: Swedish and Icelandic, but it is regarded there as a separate letter, not as an orthographic variation of the letter o. For example, in German hören (hear/listen) can be easily recognized even if spelled hoeren. In other languages that do not have the letter as part of the regular alphabet or in limited character sets such as ASCII, o-umlaut is frequently replaced with the digraph oe.

The Dano-Norwegian ø is, like the German ö, a development of oe and can be compared with the French œ. It is also used when confusion with other symbols could occur, on maps for instance.

In Danish and Norwegian, ö was previously used in place of ø in older texts to distinguish between open and closed ö-sounds. The letter also occurs in some languages that have adopted German names or spellings, but it is not normally a part of those alphabets. The letter is often collated together with o in the German alphabet, but there are exceptions which collate it like oe or OE. It represents the umlauted form of o, resulting in or. The letter o with umlaut ( ö ) appears in the German alphabet. Austria, on a boundary stone at the German-Austrian border The letter Ö, standing for Österreich, i.e. ( September 2016) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources.

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